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Focused Ultrasound Technique Gets Quality Assurance Protocol

By MedImaging International staff writers
Posted on 08 Apr 2024

In recent years, researchers have harnessed the potential of focused ultrasound (FUS) in combination with microbubbles to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a method that significantly enhances the delivery of therapeutic agents directly to brain tissues or facilitates the extraction of biomarkers for various brain conditions. This innovative approach employs ultrasonic energy to precisely target brain areas requiring treatment or analysis. Following the identification of the target area, microbubbles are introduced into the bloodstream, traveling to the site and creating minute openings in the BBB as they burst. This process allows for the bidirectional transfer of drugs into the brain or biomarkers from a tumor or other brain diseases into the bloodstream. Despite the rapid advancement of this technology, ensuring its safe and consistent application has presented challenges.

After years of developing the noninvasive technique, researchers at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL, St. Louis, MO, USA) have now developed a quality assurance protocol to ensure safe treatment and consistent functioning of their guided focused ultrasound device. This quality assurance strategy involves integrating an acoustic sensor with the FUS device to perform three critical quality assurance checks: verifying the device functions consistently, ensuring that acoustic coupling, or a gel that allows the signals to transmit from the body to the transducer, can detect air bubbles trapped in the transducer, and confirming the consistency of the treatment process. The researchers found that their passive acoustic detection protocol can be integrated with a clinical FUS system for the procedure’s quality assurance.

During their clinical trial involving 10 patients, the quality assurance measures were largely successful with the FUS device meeting quality assurance standards in nine cases. However, when assessing acoustic coupling, initial tests indicated failures in four out of nine instances due to air bubbles in the ultrasound probe or gel, which could potentially reflect ultrasound waves, reducing the energy reaching the brain. These issues were addressed until the coupling passed quality assurance in most cases. The protocol also evaluated the treatment's consistency by monitoring the pattern of microbubble cavitation, which should show a rapid increase in activity followed by a return to baseline. This quality assurance approach demonstrates the feasibility of integrating passive acoustic detection with clinical FUS systems, ensuring the safety and reliability of this cutting-edge technology.

“Without a systematic and quantifiable approach to evaluate FUS devices before each procedure, the functionality of the FUS system cannot be guaranteed,” said doctoral student Chih-Yen Chien. “Our study is the first to evaluate passive acoustic detection-based quality assurance for FUS systems with applications that can be extended beyond BBB opening to include other applications, such as ultrasound neuromodulation.”

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84 (32.901763916016): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

85 (36.954879760742): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

86 (32.186508178711): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

87 (33.855438232422): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

88 (32.901763916016): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

89 (33.855438232422): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

90 (30.994415283203): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

91 (160.93254089355): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

92 (134.94491577148): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

93 (64.849853515625): SELECT dp.*, ch.title as channel, exp.name as author_name, exp.specialization as author_specialization, exp.images as author_photo FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as exp ON exp.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as ch ON dp.fid = ch.id WHERE 1=1 AND dp.cat=10 AND dp.id=294800797 AND (dp.type='deeppockets_item' OR dp.type='deeppockets_item_link') AND dp.published='1' LIMIT 1

94 (73.909759521484): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

95 (38.14697265625): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

96 (360.96572875977): SELECT dp.*, ch.title as channel, exp.name as author_name, exp.specialization as author_specialization, exp.images as author_photo FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as exp ON exp.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as ch ON dp.fid = ch.id WHERE 1=1 AND dp.id=294800797 AND (dp.type='deeppockets_item' OR dp.type='deeppockets_item_link') AND dp.published='1' LIMIT 1

97 (658.98895263672): SELECT dp.name, dp.id, dp2.name as channel, ex.name as author_name, ex.specialization, ex.images FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as ex ON ex.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as dp2 ON dp2.id = dp.fid WHERE dp.author != 0 AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND ( (dp.fid = 294743300) OR (dp.fid = 294743301) OR (dp.fid = 294743302) OR (dp.fid = 294743303) OR (dp.fid = 294743304) OR (dp.fid = 294743305) OR (dp.fid = 294743306) OR (dp.fid = 294743307) OR (dp.fid = 294743308) OR (dp.fid = 294743309) OR (dp.fid = 294743310) ) ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1

98 (438.92860412598): SELECT dp.name, dp.id, dp2.name as channel, ex.name as author_name, ex.specialization, ex.images FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as ex ON ex.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as dp2 ON dp2.id = dp.fid WHERE dp.author != 0 AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND ( (dp.fid = 294743300) OR (dp.fid = 294743301) OR (dp.fid = 294743302) OR (dp.fid = 294743303) OR (dp.fid = 294743304) OR (dp.fid = 294743305) OR (dp.fid = 294743306) OR (dp.fid = 294743307) OR (dp.fid = 294743308) OR (dp.fid = 294743309) OR (dp.fid = 294743310) ) ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1

99 (86.069107055664): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

100 (58.889389038086): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

101 (158.07151794434): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

102 (44.107437133789): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

103 (82.015991210938): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

104 (41.961669921875): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

105 (329.97131347656): SELECT * FROM trending_articles WHERE `journal_id` = 10 AND `timestamp` <= NOW() + INTERVAL 7 DAY ORDER BY `order`

106 (!!!!! 109624.8626709): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE jos_deeppockets.cat = 10 AND jos_deeppockets.type = 'deeppockets_item' AND jos_deeppockets.published = 1 AND jos_deeppockets.created + INTERVAL 14 DAY >= NOW() ORDER BY jos_deeppockets.hits DESC LIMIT 7

107 (94.890594482422): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

108 (44.107437133789): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

109 (483.03604125977): SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE cat=10 AND id=294800797 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' union SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE cat=10 AND id=294800797 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' LIMIT 1

110 (!!!!! 828043.22242737): ( SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.video != '' AND dp.video_source != '' AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND dp.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) UNION ( SELECT dpa.id, dpa.name, dpa.title, dpa.video, dpa.video_source, dpa.created FROM jos_deeppockets_archive AS dpa WHERE dpa.video != '' AND dpa.video_source != '' AND dpa.cat = 10 AND dpa.published = 1 AND dpa.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3

111 (89.883804321289): ( SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.video != '' AND dp.video_source != '' AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND dp.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) UNION ( SELECT dpa.id, dpa.name, dpa.title, dpa.video, dpa.video_source, dpa.created FROM jos_deeppockets_archive AS dpa WHERE dpa.video != '' AND dpa.video_source != '' AND dpa.cat = 10 AND dpa.published = 1 AND dpa.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3

112 (295.87745666504): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294800513 LIMIT 1

113 (50.067901611328): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294800513 LIMIT 1

114 (206.94732666016): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294800359 LIMIT 1

115 (40.054321289062): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294800359 LIMIT 1

116 (174.99923706055): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294800361 LIMIT 1

117 (36.001205444336): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294800361 LIMIT 1

118 (511.88468933105): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND (type='deeppockets_item' OR type='deeppockets_item_link') AND published='1' LIMIT 1

119 (279.18815612793): SELECT name FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE id=214

120 (33.140182495117): SELECT name FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE id=214

121 (437.02125549316): SELECT *, DATE_FORMAT(publish_up,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_up, DATE_FORMAT(publish_down,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_down FROM jos_events WHERE state=1 AND publish_up > NOW() and extra_info REGEXP '((;)|(^))214((;)|($))' AND catid IN (0,110) ORDER BY publish_up ASC LIMIT 3

122 (356.91261291504): SELECT *, DATE_FORMAT(publish_up,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_up, DATE_FORMAT(publish_down,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_down FROM jos_events WHERE state=1 AND publish_up > NOW() and extra_info REGEXP '((;)|(^))214((;)|($))' AND catid IN (0,110) ORDER BY publish_up ASC LIMIT 3

123 (61.988830566406): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

124 (47.206878662109): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

125 (!!!!! 8208.0364227295): TRUNCATE TABLE jos_trademed_module

126 (86.069107055664): SELECT dp.*, ch.title as channel, exp.name as author_name, exp.specialization as author_specialization, exp.images as author_photo FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as exp ON exp.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as ch ON dp.fid = ch.id WHERE 1=1 AND dp.cat=10 AND dp.id=294800797 AND (dp.type='deeppockets_item' OR dp.type='deeppockets_item_link') AND dp.published='1' LIMIT 1

127 (812.05368041992): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND (type='deeppockets_item' OR type='deeppockets_item_link') AND published='1' LIMIT 1

128 (52.928924560547): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND (type='deeppockets_item' OR type='deeppockets_item_link') AND published='1' LIMIT 1

129 (54.836273193359): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

130 (36.954879760742): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

131 (!!!!! 1132.9650878906): SELECT jos_item.* FROM jos_item INNER JOIN jos_number ON jos_item.numberID=jos_number.id WHERE 1=1 AND (jos_item.imgMini<>'') AND jos_item.type='L' AND jos_item.numberID= ( SELECT jos_number.id FROM jos_number WHERE jos_number.journalID IN (10) and jos_number.id in (select distinct jos_number.id from jos_number join jos_item on jos_item.numberid=jos_number.id where jos_item.type='P') ORDER BY (CONVERT(SUBSTRING(issue,1,2),SIGNED) + (CONVERT(SUBSTRING(issue,3,2),SIGNED)*100)) DESC LIMIT 0,1 ) ORDER BY RAND() DESC LIMIT 6

132 (46.014785766602): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

133 (40.054321289062): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

134 (105.85784912109): SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE cat=10 AND id=294800797 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' union SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE cat=10 AND id=294800797 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' LIMIT 1

135 (29.087066650391): select distinct links.* from jos_textlinks links join jos_textlinks_placement placement on links.id=placement.link_id where journal_id=(10) and (channel_id=214 or channel_id is null)

136 (28.133392333984): select distinct links.* from jos_textlinks links join jos_textlinks_placement placement on links.id=placement.link_id where journal_id=(10) and (channel_id=214 or channel_id is null)

137 (81.062316894531): SELECT livesite FROM jos_dp_categories WHERE id=10 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

138 (102.99682617188): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

139 (38.862228393555): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294800797 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

140 (110.14938354492): select jos_twitters.link from jos_twitters where cat=10

141 (27.894973754883): select jos_facebook.link from jos_facebook where cat=10

142 (26.941299438477): select jos_google_plus.link from jos_google_plus where cat=10

143 (75.101852416992): select jos_linkedin.link from jos_linkedin where cat=10

144 (255.10787963867): update jos_bannersmanager_banner set impmade=impmade+1 where id in(14615,14202,14203)

145 (!!!!! 1200.9143829346): insert into jos_banners_delta values (14615,'2025-04-29 16:24:08','18.222.116.64','view'),(14202,'2025-04-29 16:24:08','18.222.116.64','view'),(14203,'2025-04-29 16:24:08','18.222.116.64','view')

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